Answer:
Free Energy (G) can either increase or decrease for a reaction when the temperature increases. It depends on the entropy (S) change. The change in a quantity is represented by the Greek letter delta. ... Hence, when the temperature increases the numeric value of the free energy becomes larger.
Explanation:
The change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) of a chemical reaction depends on the initial and final states of the reactants and products, as well as on the temperature and pressure conditions of the reaction.
What is Gibb's free energy?The Gibbs free energy of a reaction tells us whether a reaction is spontaneous or not under given conditions, with negative ΔG values indicating a spontaneous reaction and positive ΔG values indicating a non-spontaneous reaction.
The temperature of the reactants and products is important in determining the Gibbs free energy change because the Gibbs free energy change is related to the enthalpy change (ΔH) and the entropy change (ΔS) of the reaction through the equation:
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
where T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Thus, the temperature of the reactants and products must be known in order to calculate the Gibbs free energy change of a reaction accurately.
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C14 is another radioactive substance with a half-life of 5730 years. If a mammoth died with
2000 grams of C14 and then its fossilized bones were found to have just over 250 grams of
C14, how old is the fossil?
a) 5730 years
c) 17,190 years
d) impossible to tell
b) 11,460 years
What term describes the relationship between the mass and volume of a substance?
Answer:
Density
Explanation:
Density is a physical property that describes the relationship between mass and volume. Density is the amount of matter in a given space, or volume.
Answer:
The relationship between the mass and volume of a substance is known as its density. Density is defined as the mass of a substance per unit volume. In other words, it is a measure of how much matter is packed into a given space. The density of a substance is determined by dividing its mass by its volume. For example, if a substance has a mass of 10 grams and a volume of 2 cubic centimeters, its density would be 10 grams / 2 cubic centimeters = 5 grams/cubic centimeter. Density is an important physical property of substances, as it can be used to identify and classify different materials and understand their behavior.
pls award brainliest!
Explanation:
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Mercury
SEP Interpret Data The table shows
several decomposition reactions and the
estimated reaction energy based on bond
breaking and forming energies. What
pattern do you notice concerning the
energy for decomposition reactions?
IND
ercury
Decomposition Reaction
2H₂O (1)→ 2H₂(g) + O₂(g)
SO₂(g) → S (s) + O₂(g)
2HI(g) → H₂(g) + 1₂ (s)
Oxygen
Reaction Energy
(kJ/mol)
+498
+550
+7
Answer:
The pattern that can be seen from the table is that the energy for decomposition reactions increases as the elements become more complex. For example, the reaction energy for the deterioration of water (2H₂O) is +498 kJ/mol, whereas the reaction energy for the decomposition of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is +550 kJ/mol. The highest reaction energy is observed in the deterioration of hydrogen iodide (2HI) with a reaction energy of +769 kJ/mol.
Explanation:
Does all pewter contain lead?
No, not all pewter contains lead. Lead-free pewter is available and is made with a combination of tin, antimony, and copper.
What is Pewter?
Pewter is an alloy made primarily of tin, with small amounts of copper, antimony, and sometimes bismuth. It is a malleable metal with a silvery-grey color, and is commonly used to make decorative items and functional items such as plates, teapots, and figurines.
Lead-free pewter is a type of alloy metal made up of tin, antimony, and copper. This type of pewter does not contain any lead, making it a safe and non-toxic alternative to traditional pewter. Lead-free pewter is often used in the production of jewelry, ornaments, kitchenware, and even tableware. It is valued for its malleability, resistance to corrosion, and durability. Lead-free pewter is also more cost-effective than traditional pewter and is ideal for creating intricate designs and details.
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When 100g of sugar is dissolved in 200 mL of water there is no increase in volume what characteristic of matter is illustrated by this observation?
This characteristic of matter is important in many areas of science and technology, including medicine, chemistry and engineering.
What is illustration?Illustration is a form of visual art that uses lines, shapes, and color to create a representation of an idea or message. It is often used by artists, designers, and illustrators to communicate ideas and stories, to create visual representations of a concept, to capture a moment in time, or to provide decoration.
This observation illustrates the characteristic of matter known as volume invariance, which states that when a substance is dissolved in a solvent, there is no change in the total volume of the mixture. This is due to the fact that the particles of the dissolved substance are distributed throughout the solvent, but remain the same size and shape as before. Therefore, the overall volume remains constant. For example, when 100g of sugar is dissolved in 200 mL of water, the total volume of the mixture is still 200 mL, as the sugar molecules are spread throughout the water. This characteristic of matter is important in many areas of science and technology, including medicine, chemistry and engineering.
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Provide The Correct IUPAC/Systematic Name Of The Following Compound.
The given compound is a carboxylic acid with a hydroxyl group. The IUPAC name of the following compound is 2-hydroxyhexanoic acid.
What is IUPAC rules?IUPAC states certain rules to to name the organic compounds. Firstly the name of the compound is based on the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain.
The carbon atoms with the functional groups attached are numbered in such a way that, they have the small numberings. The functions groups are named with their suffix or prefix.
The given compound is a carboxylic acid with the group COOH. The long chain contains 6 carbons and a hydroxyl group is there in the second carbon. Hence, its name is 2-hydroxy hexanoic acid.
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All of the following are considered toxic metal pollutants EXCEPT
a. Cadmium
b. Chromium
c. Lead
d. Mercury
e. Potassium
Cadmium. With the exception of potassium, harmful metal contaminants include chromium, lead, and mercury.
Individual metals and metal compounds that are toxic to humans' health, called "heavy metals," include both single metals and metal compounds. This page discusses certain poisonous semi-metallic elements, such as selenium and arsenic. Many of these metals are essential to life in extremely tiny quantities. But when consumed in greater quantities, they became poisonous. They might accumulate in biological systems and pose a serious risk to one's health. Technical and governmental information regarding hazardous metals can be found on this website as a starting point. As harmful metal contaminants, arsenic and beryllium are also present. An abundant yet uncommon element called cadmium is naturally present in the environment.
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Choose the true statement about steel shot versus lead shot.
a. Steel shot weighs about one-third less than lead shot.
b. Steel shot produces a larger pattern than lead shot.
c. Steel shot is softer and denser than lead shot.
d. Steel shot is more unstable in flight than lead shot.
True statement about steel shot versus lead shot is Steel shot is more unstable in flight than lead shot. Hence, option D is correct.
Lead is more dense than steel. The steel pellets weigh one-third less than lead pellets of the same size.
Steel contains less energy and may not kill birds cleanly at the same ranges.Steel with the same weight and shot size retains more pellets than lead, making loads that contain more shot than necessary.Compensate for the lighter weight of the shot by using a shot one or two sizes larger than the lead shot size.Hence, we can conclude that steel shot is more unstable in flight than lead shot.
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Aqueous potassium phosphate reacts with aqueous nickel(ii) bromide to produce solid nickel(ii) phosphate and aqueous potassium bromide.
a.True
b. False
Aqueous potassium phosphate reacts with aqueous nickel(ii) bromide to produce solid nickel(ii) phosphate and aqueous potassium bromide. the correct option is a) true
The chemical reaction is given as follows :
K₃PO₄(aq) + NiBr₂(aq) -----> Ni(PO₄)₂(s) + KBr(aq)
the reaction is not balance to balance the chemical equation number of atoms in the product side is equals to the reactant side. so, multiply 2 in K₃PO₄ , 3 in NiBr₂ and 6 in KBr, we get :
2K₃PO₄(aq) + 3NiBr₂(aq) -----> Ni(PO₄)₂(s) + 6KBr(aq)
potassium nickel bromide nickel potassium bromide
phosphate phosphate
Now the above reaction is balanced. potassium phosphate reacts with nickel(ii) bromide to produce nickel(ii) phosphate and potassium bromide.
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Use dot-cross diagram to describe the formation of ionic bonds between Group I(Group 1) and Group VII(Group 7)
There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, the bond can be represented as M·×X.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound. Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond.
The metal belonging to group 1 will have 1 electron in the outermost shell which can be represented as M·
Halogens have also 1 electron in its outermost shell which can be represented as X×
When these combine to form bond then the bond can be represented as M·×X.
Therefore, the bond can be represented as M·×X.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. [ne]3s23p3 is the electron configuration of a(n) ________ atom.
lewis structure for cl2co
The [tex]CCl_{2}O[/tex] Lewis structure has a trigonal planner form with a 120-degree angle(Shown in the picture).
Two bonding and three nonbonding lone pairs of electrons are present on the central carbon atom of the Lewis structure [tex]CCl_{2}O[/tex]. The three sets of electron pairs are organized in a trigonal planar arrangement. The Lewis structure [tex]CCl_{2}O[/tex] has a triangular shape.
The [tex]CCl_{2}O[/tex] Lewis structure has a 120-degree bond angle. The configuration is [tex]AX_{2}[/tex]. There are two bonding pairs and one lone pair on the central atom. The electron pairs in this region remain in a plane. Therefore, in the Lewis structure [tex]CCl_{2}O[/tex], the molecular shape is trigonal.
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Two kg of aturated aqueou olution of a highly oluble component A at 50 °C i cooled of A are (0. 5 kg 4)/(kgwater) at 50 °C and to 30 °C. The olubility of A (0. 3 kg 4)/(kgwater) at 30 °C. The amount in kg of the crytal formed i-----?
a) 1. 47 kg
b) 0. 57 kg
c) 0. 68 kg
d) 0. 07 kg
The answer to the Two kg of aturated aqueous olution of a highly oluble component A at 50 °C i cooled of A are (0. 5 kg 4)/(kgwater) at 50 °C and to 30 °C. for the crystal are 0.07.
The salt crystals that lose their water of crystallization on heating are referred to as anhydrous crystals.
Here we have the
2 kg of solution * (0, 5 kgA)/(4kg of water =0.15 kgofA
1 kg of solution * (0, 5 kgA)/(4kg of water =0.075 kgofA
Thus, the quantity of anhydrous crystal
are popping out of the answer that is cooled from eighty deg * C to 30 deg * C are: 0.15 - kg of A - 0.075kg of A = 0.07 kg of crystal.
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bases contribute _____ to a solution
Because it is a stronger basic than hydroxide ion, it cannot persist in aqueous solution. Examples include ortho-diethynylbenzene dianion (C 6 H 4 (C 2) 2) and sodium hydride (NaH). A neutral base and neutral acid join together to form a bond and share an electron pair.
The three definitions of "base" used in chemistry are Arrhenius base, Bronsted base, and Lewis base. The fact that bases react with acids is acknowledged by all base definitions. Chemistry's definition of an Arrhenius base is a chemical that breaks down into hydroxide ions (OH-) in an aqueous solution. Qualities of a base. The ions in an aqueous base solution split apart to conduct electricity. Its pH level is higher than 7. As they interact with acids, salts are created.
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Which of the following is an easy and sustainable way for campuses to reduce waste?
a. recycling bins
b. canals for dumping waste
c. Incinerators for garbage
d. outsource to companies that specialize in recycling
Answer:
a recycling bins
Explanation:
it's the easiest to do and to follow
An easy and sustainable way for campuses to reduce waste is recycling bins. Therefore, option A is correct.
What are recycling bins ?Before being transported to recycling facilities, recyclables are stored in recycling bins. For usage inside and outside of residences, workplaces, and big public venues, recycling bins come in a variety of sizes.
The recycling bin's goal is to gather items that might have otherwise ended up in landfills. These items are frequently processed again to create new items. There are various items that can go in a recycling container. Papers, metal scraps, periodicals made of plastic, discarded gadgets, and a variety of other items are all acceptable.
The collection of used newspapers and magazines for recycling and their conversion into new paper products is an illustration of external recycling. Glass bottles and aluminum cans are two further examples of common items that are extensively recycled outside.
Thus, option A is correct.
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What are the steps involved in enzymatic reaction?
Enzyme-catalyzed reactions happen in two steps.
1. Enzyme molecules and substrate molecules collide.
2. The formed enzyme-substrate molecule will catalyze and form a product and enzyme
In step one, the enzyme molecule (E) and substrate molecule(s) will collide, and they react, forming the intermediate compound, which is called "the enzyme-substrate" (E-S) complex. (The step is reversible since the complex breaks apart into the original substrate(s) and free enzyme).
In step two, after E-S complex forms, the enzyme will catalyze forming a product (P) and later be released from the enzyme's surface.
S + E → E–S
E–S → P + E
Hydrogen bonding and other electrostatic interactions will hold the substrate and enzyme together in a complex. The functional groups or structural features in the enzyme that participate in the interactions will be located in the pocket or cleft on the enzyme's surface. The pocket where enzymes combine with a substrate and transform it into a product is called the enzyme's active site. It has a unique conformation, complementary to the substrate structure, for the substrate and enzyme molecules to fit together similarly as the key in tumbler locks.
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Which has highest freezing point C * n 1 a 1 M glucose solution B 1 M urea solution C 1 M sucrose solution d all have same?
All solutions have the same freezing point, which is 0°C.
What is solution?Solution is a term used to describe the answer or resolution to a problem, challenge, or inquiry of some kind. It is an act or means of solving a problem or reconciling differences. A solution may also involve setting a goal or plan of action to reach the desired outcome. Solutions are often creative and require collaboration from multiple individuals or groups.
This is because the freezing point of a solution can be affected by the presence of dissolved substances, but all of the solutions listed contain the same type of dissolved substances (each contains one mole of a single substance), so they will all have the same freezing point.
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The vapor pressure of nitrogen at several different temperatures is shown below. Use the data to determine the heat of vaporization of nitrogen. Determine the normal boiling point of nitrogen.
The heat of vaporization of nitrogen is 6,028.25 J/mol. The normal boiling point of nitrogen is 77.58 K.
The table for the question is in the attachment. Using the Clausius-Clapeyron Equation to estimate the heat of vaporization.
ln (P₁/P₂) = ΔH/R × (1/T₂ - 1/T₁)
where
P = the pressureln (130,5/289,5) = ΔH/R × (1/70 - 1/65)
ln 0.45078 × 8.314 = ΔH × ((65 - 70)/4550)
- 0.79678 × 8.314 = ΔH × (- 5/4550)
- 6.6244 = ΔH × - 1/910
ΔH = - 6.6244 × - 910
ΔH = 6,028.2 J/mol
The normal boiling point reaches when pressure is 1 atm or 760 torr.
P₁ = 760 torrln (760/1,718) = (6,028.2/8.314) × (1/85 - 1/T)
ln 0.4424 = 725.0662 × ((T - 85)/85T)
-0.81554 ÷ 725.0662 = ((T - 85)/85T)
- 0.001125 × 85T = T - 85
- 0.0956T = T - 85
- 0.0956T - T = 85
- 1.0956T = - 85
T = - 85 ÷ - 1.0956
T = 77.58 K
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What can you not put in pewter?
For for than 30 years, lead has not been allowed in pewter. Tennessee Pewter is fully lead-free and suitable for use with food.
Is it okay to use pewter for food?Lead-free and safe to use, modern pewter is a good choice. 95% tin, plus copper and antimony, are the main ingredients. "The items are guaranteed to be lead-free and quite safe to be used for all types of food and drink," one producer claimed.
The disappearance of pewter: why?Due to health concerns raised by the Lead content, pewters are no longer used in objects (such as cups, plates, or jewelry) that will come into touch with people's bodies.
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Urgent!!! 100 points
The indicator in a titration changed color after 0.01 mol of sodium hydroxide were added to a sulfuric acid solution for the acid-base reaction shown below:
H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
How many moles of sulfuric acid are in solution? HINT: The ratio of moles of the sulfuric acid to the sodium hydroxide in this reaction is 1:2.
Answer:
0.005 moles of sulfuric acid are in the solution
Explanation:
The acid-base reaction you have shown occurs in a 1:2 mole ratio, meaning that for every mole of sulfuric acid, 2 moles of sodium hydroxide are required to neutralize it.Since you added 0.01 moles of sodium hydroxide, this would be enough to neutralize 0.01/2=0.005 moles of sulfuric acid.Therefore, there are 0.005 moles of sulfuric acid in the solution.What are symbols used for?
A mark, sign, or phrase is a symbol if it denotes, or is taken to denote, an idea, an object, or a relationship.
What does a symbol in writing mean?A symbol in literature is something that stands for or symbolizes another idea. A symbol can be almost anything, including an item, a mark, an image, a character, a name, or a location. A literary technique known as symbolism uses symbols to give a story significance.
What do the symbols mean?A symbol is anything that stands for or represents anything else. A character, an action, a thing, or an animal can all have symbolic meaning in a story. These symbols frequently represent an abstract concept, such a force of nature, a global condition, or a notion.
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How do you calculate Mg from MgO?
The ions Mg2+ and O2- that are connected by an ionic bond make up magnesium oxide MgO . However, since each molecule contains one mass atom of magnesium and one atom of oxygen.
We may infer from the valency that the net charge in each molecule is zero and balanced. As a result, magnesium oxide has the chemical formula MgO. Mass of a substance Equals number of moles (n) a substance's molar mass. Magnesium is a chemical element, but magnesium oxide is an ionic molecule, which is the major distinction between magnesium and magnesium oxide. One kind of magnesium that is frequently consumed as a dietary supplement is magnesium oxide.
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2 Sanitizing Methods
Answer: Washing your hands with soap, and hand sanitizer.
Explanation:
What are chemical formulas in chemistry?
A chemical formula is a phrase that lists the constituent parts of a compound together with their relative proportions.
What are the different kinds of chemical formulas?A written chemical formula is a straightforward illustration of an actual, three-dimensional molecule. The precise atoms that make up a material are described in its chemical formula. The empirical formula, the molecular formula, and the structural formula are the three fundamental types of chemical formulas.
What three sorts of chemical formulas are there?Empirical, molecular, and structural chemical formulas are the three basic categories. In contrast to molecular formulas, which display the number of each type of atom in a molecule, structural formulas display the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
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Which of the following conditions must be satisfied for a collision between reactants to be effective?
a. A high concentration of reactants
b. Enough energy to overcome E,
c. Appropriate molecular orientation
The right molecular orientation and sufficient energy to overcome Ea are necessary for one collision amongst reaction to be successful.
How many collision phases are there?The vehicular accident, human crash, and internal collision are the three steps that every collision goes through, which you may not have known.
What is the purpose of collision?Regardless of who was at fault, coverage provides compensation to fix or replace your automobile if it is damaged or damaged in a collision with another vehicle. That's not the same as liability insurance, which assists in covering damage to that other user's vehicle as a result of a collision you caused.
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A spinning turbine can generate electricity only in the form of a/an _______ current. of all the alternative energy technologies presented in this section, only solar panels produce a/an _______ current. respond to the following based on your reading. what role does the sun play in allowing power to be produced with wind turbines?
Answer: Alternating is the first one, and direct is the second one.
Explanation:
A scientist analyzing an unknown organic substance has determined that it consists of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. During experimentation, she determines that the substance is not soluble in water. What is the macromolecule?.
An organic substance consisting of C, H, and O is not soluble in water. This macromolecule is most probably: lipid.
What are lipids and its characteristic?Lipids are non-polar organic compounds that are insoluble in polar solvents, such as water. They have oily, fatty, and waxy consistency. Lipids are typically made of:
A glycerol backboneTwo fatty acid tails.A phosphate group.Lipids typically have the following characteristics:
Insoluble in water and any polar solvent.Soluble in organic solvents (chloroform, alcohol, acetone, etc.).May be either non-crystalline solids or liquids at room temperature.Have no ionic charges.Learn more about lipids here https://brainly.com/question/29334141
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What is the freezing point of a solution that contains 10.0 g of glucose in 100g of H2O?
The proposed solution, which has 10.0 grams of glucose in 100 gram of water, has a freezing point of 1.034 C.
The freezing point is what?The degree of heat in which a liquid becomes solid. precisely the temperatures at which a material's solid and liquid states are balanced at atmospheric pressure.
How significant is freezing point?If a substance is kept below its freezing point, it may either become more or less dangerous. The freezing point additionally offers an essential safety standard for evaluating the impacts of occupational exposure to cold conditions.
Briefing:m = molality
i = van 'toff factor,
molality = n/w*t of solvent
n = w*t of Glucose/M* w t
= 10/180*1/0.1
=0.555 w* t
= 1.86*0.555*1
= 1.034
T (solvent) - d= 0-1.034
freezing point = -1.034C
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When 25g of glucose is dissolved in 450g of water then vapour pressure water at 293k is?
The vapour pressure of water is 17.438 mm Hg.
The molar masses of glucose is 180 g/mol and water is18 g/mol.
Number of moles of glucose = 25/180
=0.139
Number of moles of H2O = 450/ 18
=25
Mole fraction of glucose = 0.139/ 0.139+25
= 0.0055
Lowering vapour pressure is directly proportional to the mole fraction
P 0−P/ P 0 = X
17.535−P/ 17.535 = 0.0055
P = 17.438
Hence, the vapour pressure of a solution is 17.438 mm Hg.
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Solving applied mass concentration problems Measurements have shown that the concentration of salt in seawater is 35.5 8L Calculate the volume in liters of seawater that must be evaporated to recover 450. g of salt Round your answer to 3 significant digits. X ?
Answer: 12.7L
Explanation:
To solve this problem, we need to use the formula for concentration, which is C = m/V, where C is the concentration, m is the mass of the solute, and V is the volume of the solution. In this case, the concentration of salt in seawater is given, as well as the mass of salt that we want to recover, so we can solve for the volume of seawater by rearranging the formula to solve for V. The formula for V would be V = m/C.
Plugging in the given values, we get: V = 450 g / 35.5 g/L = 12.7 L
Rounding to three significant digits, the volume of seawater that must be evaporated to recover 450. g of salt is 12.7 L.
the volume of seawater that needs to be evaporated to recover 450 g of salt is approximately 12.7 L.
We need to use the given information and the concept of mass concentration to find the volume of seawater that needs to be evaporated.
The mass concentration of salt in seawater is given as 35.5 g/L. This means that in every liter of seawater, there are 35.5 grams of salt.
We want to recover 450 g of salt, so we can set up a proportion using the mass concentration:
35.5 g salt / 1 L seawater = 450 g salt / X L seawater
Solving for X (the volume of seawater), we can rearrange the equation:
X L seawater = (450 g salt) / (35.5 g salt / 1 L seawater)
X L seawater = 450 g salt × (1 L seawater / 35.5 g salt)
X L seawater = 12.676 L seawater
Rounding the answer to 3 significant digits, the volume of seawater that needs to be evaporated to recover 450 g of salt is approximately 12.7 L.
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