Answer:
Trans-Saharan trade requires travel across the Sahara between sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa. While existing from prehistoric times, the peak of trade extended from the 8th century until the early 17th century. The Sahara once had a very different environment. In Libya and Algeria, from at least 7000 BC, there was pastoralism, the herding of sheep, goats, large settlements, and pottery. Cattle were introduced to the Central Sahara (Ahaggar) from 4000 to 3500 BC. Remarkable rock paintings (dated 3500 to 2500 BC) in places that are currently very dry, portray flora and fauna that are not present in the modern desert environment.
As a desert, Sahara is now a hostile expanse that separates the Mediterranean economy from the economy of the Niger basin. As Fernand Braudel points out, crossing such a zone, especially without mechanized transport, is worthwhile only when exceptional circumstances cause the expected gain to outweigh the cost and the danger. Trade was conducted by caravans of camels. According to Ibn Battuta, the explorer who accompanied one of the caravans, the average size per caravan was 1,000 camels, but some caravans were as large as 12,000.The caravans would be guided by highly-paid Berbers, who knew the desert and could ensure safe passage from their fellow desert nomads. The survival of a caravan was precarious and would rely on careful co-ordination. Runners would be sent ahead to oases so that water could be shipped out to the caravan when it was still several days away, as the caravans could not easily carry enough with them to make the full journey. In the mid-14th century, Ibn Battuta crossed the desert from Sijilmasa via the salt mines at Taghaza to the oasis of Oualata. A guide was sent ahead and water was brought on a journey of four days from Oualata to meet the caravan.
Culture and religion were also exchanged on the Trans-Saharan Trade Route. Many West African states eventually adopted Arabic writing and the religion of North Africa, resulting in them being absorbed into the Muslim world.
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Answer: Tran Saharan trade linked North Africa and the Mediterrean world with West Africa.
Explanation: The Trans-Saharan trade network is a network of trade routes that connect North Africa with sub-Saharan Africa across the Saharan deserts. Historically, this was the most active land-based trade network in Africa. While trade across the Sahara existed before recorded history, peak trade on the routes was between the 8th and 17th centuries.
The Saharan desert is the world's largest desert. Trans-Saharan trade began for the same reason as other global exchange networks– the desire for goods unavailable in buyers’ home regions. As time went on, improvements in commercial practices and technological innovation allowed the amount of trade to increase.
The Earliest Trade Across the Sahara Was in Gold and Salt
One of the earliest causes of the trade was the exchange of gold and salt. West Africa had large quantities of gold but lacked access to salt. In contrast, North Africa had abundant supplies of salt but scarce supplies of gold. Rulers in North Africa, Europe, and the Middle East wanted gold. And because salt is essential in sustaining human life, West Africans could not live without salt. This scarcity created an incentive to trade across the harsh desert environment. Over time, traders began moving wider varieties of goods across the routes.
Trans-Saharan trade rapidly increased after the introduction of camels from Central Asia to North Africa. The camel's biology was well suited for crossing long distances with little water while carrying heavy cargo.
Camel saddles were significant technological innovations that allowed merchants to utilize camels to move people and goods. Different African and Eurasia societies continually improved camel saddles to increase the weight camels could carry. Heavier loads meant merchants could transport more goods, which lowered costs and increased profits. Hope this was helpful
PLSSSSS HELPPPPP
How did Christianity unite the inhabitants of medieval Europe?
(remember to use topic sentence and evidence
someone help pls!!!
how did the Jewish people keep alive their link to their ancestral homelande.
Answer:religious identity
Explanation:
Identify During the Han dynasty, who
belonged to the first and second social groups?
Answer:
hope this helps
Explanation:
France under the Ancien Régime (before the French Revolution) divided society into three estates: the First Estate (clergy); the Second Estate (nobility); and the Third Estate (commoners).
What is the main reason the 1920s are known as the "Roaring Twenties?
(0.5 Points)
A. most people were able to buy cars
B. jazz music became popular
C. women were given more rights
Forgiven
D. it was a time of prosperity and cultural change
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Many things began to change and develop before the great depression. Flappers, the Charleston, and Jazz all were some of the shining examples of cultural change in America. Speakeasies were open, Roads were paved, and a swift sweep of culture was had.
Many soldiers argued that if they were old enough to fight they were old enough to blank the blank gave 18 year olds the blank
Answer:
Many soldiers argued that if they were old enough to fight they were old enough to vote. The 26th Amendment gave 18-year-olds the right to vote.
Explanation:
Hope that helps!
which of the following terms of the treaty of Versailles upset the germans
Answer:
Um the germans hated the Versailles treaty because it basically blamed them for the war. also was the reduction in military, demilitarizing the Rhineland, and massive war reparations.
Another one to help me with
The colonists in Virginia were more concerned with finding _________ than food.
Answer:
Gold
Explanation:
The colonists in Virgenia were more concerned with finding gold than food.
Why did they think there was gold in Virgenia?Investors in the Virgenia Company believed that if they also established a new community, they would easily locate gold after hearing tales of the success the Spanish had in South America. King James I, who gave the charter, inspired the naming of the colony Jamestown.
The Virgenia Company, which established the colony at Jamestown in 1607, was primarily interested in discovering precious metals and establishing profitable trade routes with the Native Americans.
As a result, the early colonists spent much of their time and resources searching for gold, silver, and other valuable commodities, rather than focusing on agriculture and food production. This led to severe food shortages and a high mortality rate in the early years of the colony.
Learn more about The colonists in Virgenia here:
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2. What was the Little Rock Crisis:?
Answer:
The Little Rock Nine was a group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957. Their enrollment was followed by the Little Rock Crisis, in which the students were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school by Orval Faubus, the Governor of Arkansas.
Explanation:
What provided Philadelphia with a rural atmosphere?
Answer:
the large city parks
Explanation:
Answer: The large city parks
GIVING BRAINLIEST!! HELP PLEASE!! you don't have to make it perfect. (no links/spam/or stealing points. i will report your account as well as contact moderators personally.)
-if you answer correctly ill give you brainliest which will give you 30pts-
Answer:
The main ideology in the US is that the power is in the people, competition is encouraged, and people can own land as long as they have money. The main ideology in the Soviet Union is that the power is in the government, everyone gets a certain amount of food, land, money no matter how much money they have and are usually under strict control. Basically the main difference is the US claims to have everyone equal and the Soviet Union makes everyone equal (except for the government).
there ya go hope this helped
How did wake of the war of 1812 inspire a revolution in American industry?
(Must be 5-7 sentences) I give Brainliest!!
Hey I'm Chloe Can you Help, Thanks :D
List the names and accomplishments of two women’s rights reformers from the 1800s
Answer:
Susan B & Sojourner Truth
Explanation:
These are the ones that I recently learned.
Which new country was created to provide a home for the Jews of every nation
Answer:
sweden
Explanation:
Answer:
I believe the new country that was created as a home for all Jewish people is called The State of Israel.
Please correct me if I'm wrong, this is just what I remember learning in school.
Hope this helps! <3
How did Heck feel about his leaders AFTER the trial?
Answer:
he felt betrayed
Explanation:
according to my source that i read it states "I had an overwhelming sense of betrayal in Nuremberg and I recognized that the man I had adored was, in fact, the biggest monster in human histoory"
i need help and please dont give me the site to go to, i cant download it, right answer gets brainliest and free points
Bureaucratic rulemaking is best defined as which of the following?
A: The ability to settle debates between states and agencies on how to implement a law
B: The power to make legally binding standards that all persons under the agency’s authority must follow
C: The practice of hiring and promoting individuals based on their qualifications and job performance
D: The authority to decide how to implement a law and decide Congress’s intention when it passed the law
Answer: I would go with b as it seems the most accurate!
Explanation:
The federal bureaucracy makes rules that affect how programs operate, and these rules must be obeyed, just as if they were laws. So I think it makes sence!
Its actually B. The power to make legally binding standards that all persons under the agency’s authority must follow Answer:
Explanation:
Why and what kind of human sacrifices did the Aztecs do
Answer:
The most common form of human sacrifice was Extraction
Explanation:
History books
100 POINTS I ONLY HAVE 40 MINUTES LEFT (NOT A TEST QUESTION)
How did trade lead to specialization and interdependence in Asia and Africa?
Answer:
The availability of productive resources such as tea and spices in Asia, tobacco, cotton, coffee, gold and silver in the Americas, and ivory, salt and gold in Africa, led these regions to specialize.
Explanation:
2. Why did the Allies need to be rescued at Dunkirk?
Answer: Nazi Germany invaded northern France and the Low Countries in May 1940 during the early years of World War II. ... The Germans cut off various Allied escape ports along the English Channel and quickly shrunk their defensive lines.
Explanation:
SOMEONE URGENT PLSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSASSSSS I NEED HELP PLS I NEEDD ACTUALLY HELP
I believe the answer is B and D
One of the reasons that terrorism is so effective is that it can make everyday objects or common public gatherings dangerous. Which BEST explains why this makes terrorism a difficult social problem to solve?
A.
It makes it much easier to tell terrorists from average citizens.
B.
There are few government agencies whose purpose is to fight terrorism.
C.
The tools of terrorism are very accessible to those who want to do harm.
D.
Most terrorists do not have any kind of agenda and strike random people.
Answer:
D.
Most terrorists do not have any kind of agenda and strike random people.
Explanation:
"Terrorism is the deliberate killing of innocent people, at random, to spread fear through a whole population and force the hand of its political leaders".
- Michael Walzler
Summarize the myth of “The First Mummy” here.
Answer:
When Osiris climbed into the chest he fit perfectly. ... Isis worked hard to find all the pieces and, when she had found them all, she put Osiris' body back together, wrapping it up in fine linen bandages. This made him the first mummy. When she was finished she used her magical powers to bring Osiris back to life.
Explanation:
Explain how falling demand for goods, less spending, may lead to an economic depression.
- Reference to at least two causes of the Great Depression
- An example of the multiplier effect
Answer: The stock market crash in 1929 reduced aggregate demand substantially. Consumer purchases of durable goods and business investments fell sharply after the crash. The falling demands for goods and the subsequent less spending led to recession and a prolonged economic depression.
The fall in consumerism caused the economy to decline exponentially. From the steady state the economy was in in the 1920s, the fall in consumerism caused the economy to decline into an economic depression. This led to the multiplier affect, which was where the cost of something as simple as bread was dramatically increased.
Explanation:
https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Depression/Causes-of-the-decline
5. What should the communists
and workers do?
Answer:
UNITE
Explanation:
Communists of the world should unite with the world's workers to bring revolution.
Which answer choice contains two results ofWorld War I ?
Railroads and factories were destroyed. The U.S. joined the League of Nations.
France had to pay war reparations. Germany ruled Europe.
Thousands died. There were good feelings on all sides.
There was anger and resentment on all sides. Economies were ruined.
Answer:
the answer is d
Explanation:
i think the answer is d
please help and if u put a link i stg
Answer:dred Scott v. Sanford
Explanation:
Who established the role of the Supreme Court in judicial review?
A. John Adams
B. Alexander Hamilton
C. John Marshall
D. George Washington
ANSWER PLEASE I NEED ROBUX FROM MY MOM.
Answer:
John Marshall
Explanation:
Please help fast I’ll give Brainly if you get it right.
Answer:
The cause for fighting was because they wanted changes to take place in American society, but not radical or revolutionary changes. They wanted government to take a more active role in regulating big business. They also realized that before meaningful changes could take place, the stranglehold over local and state government by corrupt politicians and the huge corporations had to be broken.
They gave citizens greater voice through the direct primary, the initiative, the referendum and recall. Progressive government officials worked for reforms in education, factories, voting and the environment.
Good last name for Adira?
Answer:
Montgomery
Explanation:
Write a short paragraph on how we can save our national heritage by being honest to our duties towards our country